Groundwater contamination by landfill leachates in a karstic. Pdf groundwater contamination by landfill leachates in a karstic. For this reason, thisstud y sought to investigate the influence of landfill leachate on the underlying groundwater as well as the environment as a wholethe. As figure 417 shows, the concentration of the leachate is less at the margins of the cone and increases toward the source. Identification of groundwater contamination zone around a. Groundwater contaminations based on the release and transportation of leachate from municipal solid waste msw landfills are a potential hazard to the ecosystem and its inhabitants. Impact of landfill leachate on the groundwater quality. Raabe municipal landfills have been the depositories not only of household wastes, brush. Groundwater monitoring requirements municipal solid waste. Update on hidden lane landfill superfund site pdf on september 19, 2019,the loudoun county board of supervisors unanimously approved the extension of a public main waterline throughout the broad run farms subdivision in response to groundwater contamination from the hidden lane landfill. An important factor in how landfills are built is how they contain waste and prevent waste from contaminating nearby soil and water sources.
This may be attributed to contamination of the studied wells from landfills leachates, industrial effluents or sea water intrusion. Sep 07, 2017 groundwater from nearby boreholes had high levels of lead pb and cadmium cd which were negatively correlated to distance from the landfill p contamination from the landfill. They act as a protecting filtering layer over groundwater. Pdf groundwater contamination due to bhalaswa landfill site. The concern over landfill impacts although landfills are an indispensable part of everyday living, they may present longterm threats to groundwater and also surface waters that are hydrologically connected. In general the pollution risk is greatest in source protection areas and on regionally important aquifers. Once a landfill ceases to accept waste, the owner or operator must close the landfill as agreed under the approved closure plan.
The agency personnel involved in the preparation of this manual were mr. Accordingly, the ind iscriminate dumping of municipal solid wastes over vast areas that occurs in developing countries, poses a serious threat to the groundwater quality. Update on hidden lane landfill superfund site pdf on september 19, 2019,the loudoun county board of supervisors unanimously approved the extension of a public main waterline throughout the broad run farms subdivision in response to. Rating of municipal solid waste dumps and landfills as. Do natural processes mitigate contamination from landfill. Assessment of soilgas and groundwater contamination at. Environmental impact of leachate pollution on groundwater. Environmental impact of landfill on groundwater quality and. Guidelines for environmental monitoring at municipal solid.
Thus, having reliably clean groundwater is of concern for many throughout the world. Groundwater pollution by municipal solid waste landfill leachate. The results of simulation studies carried out for the migration of chloride from landfill shows that the simulation results are in consonance with the observed concentration of chloride in the. Chemicals that should be disposed of in hazardous waste landfills sometimes end up in municipal landfills. Western lion and service disposal 1 are both landfills that have been caught polluting nearby class a streams in mattoon and charleston, il. Landfill contamination modern construction of landfills requires that the waste be contained by liners that prevent dangerous chemicals from leaking into the soil and groundwater. In addition, the disposal of many household wastes is not regulated. It comes from the wastes deposited, as well as from precipitation that enters the landfill. The source of contamination can have a significant impact on the costs for control and remediation.
In unlined landfills, the leachate continues to leach into the ground and may contaminate groundwater. Landfills and the potential for groundwater contamination. Impact of leachate on groundwater pollution due to nonengineered. The chemical compositions of four springs, three pumping wells and five piezometers in the surroundings of the landfill, yield two patterns of hydrochemical behaviour at the contaminated points. Carbon isotope analysis of groundwater was used to assess the extent of the contamination zone around the landfill site. Once waste is deposited at the landfill, pollution can arise from the percolation of leachate to the porous ground surface. The presence of contaminants in groundwater particularly near the landfill sites warns its quality and thus renders the associated aquifer.
The digitization of the study area was done using the autocad software. O standard with respect to the microbiological properties of the sampled groundwater. The overpopulation of birds in water bodies has been known to create dangerous bacteria formations and promote unhealthy levels of plant growth in water ecosystems. Leachate contamination of an aquifer from a landfill site was simulated using the groundwater flow and transport model sutra developed by the u. Groundwater contamination from nonsanitary landfill sites 1973 2. However, coliform tests indicated the potential presence of pathogens. Groundwater contamination due to bhalaswa landfill site in. Contaminant transport from landfill sites waterloo. Those findings led the mpca and mdh to sample groundwater in the areas south and southeast of the landfill, downgradient i. The results showed that the monitoring wells had higher average conductivity 15,400. Groundwater is crutial to millions of americans as well as many more worldwide. Heavy metal contamination of ground water from an unlined. In developing countries, landfills have been largely unsuccessful because the landfill sites have a very limited time frame of usage 2.
Effects of landfill sites on groundwater quality in igando, alimosho localgovernment area, lagos state by ifeoma jennifer oyiboka submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of master of science in the subject environmental science at the supervisor. Landfill owners who could not meet these new design standards requiring plastic liners and leachate collection were required to close and to conduct groundwater monitoring for 30 years. Leachate, a very concentrated pollutant generated from the. Major sources of ground water contamination are fuel oil, chemicals such as pesticides, leakage from storage tanks, uncontrolled hazardous wastes, landfill leachate, road salts and atmospheric. Groundwater monitoring at waste management landfills p. Pdf groundwater contamination at landfill site researchgate. The model calibration was performed by spatially adjusting the hydraulic conductivity in order to capture the measured hydraulic head spatial variation and then by adjusting the dispersivity and porosity match the measured. Department of the army facility located in eastcentral georgia, approximately 10 miles southwest of augusta, georgia fig. Several areas at fort gordon have been used for the disposal of waste related to. These impacts include fires and explosions, vegetation damage, unpleasant odors, landfill settlement, groundwater pollution, air pollution and global warming. Groundwater is not easily contaminated, but once this occurs it is difficultto remediate. For example, landfill liners and leachate collection systems help to control contamination. A map of the potentiometric surface of the memphis aquifer. Hidden lane landfill broad run farms water contamination.
Based on sampling conducted at the site, the state found statistically significant evidence of contamination affecting groundwater at and around the landfill. Guidelines for environmental monitoring at municipal solid waste landfills section 1. The topsoil and subsoil, depending on their type, permeability and thickness, play a critical role in preventing groundwater contamination and mitigating the impact of many potential. Modeling leachate contamination and remediation of. Materials from the lands surface can move through the soil and end up in the groundwater.
Groundwater protection standards were developed for all msw landfills, setting a national precedent for solid waste management that may eventually become the. This was not always the case, however, and the problems that this hazardous waste can cause cancercausing groundwater and soil contamination and vapor intrusion. The model calibration was performed by spatially adjusting the hydraulic conductivity in order to capture the measured hydraulic head spatial variation and then by adjusting the dispersivity and porosity match. Their results showed that the elevated concentration of chloride 355. Identification of the boundaries of groundwater contamination zone based on the chemical analysis alone was difficult, which is why the measurements of carbon isotopic composition were performed. Movement of organic pollutants in the granby landfill by brij l. Landfills solid waste is disposed of in thousands of municipal and industrial landfills throughout the country. Groundwater monitoring groundwater monitoring at landfills is meant to detect unacceptable groundwater contamination resulting from landfill operations.
In the united states, federal standards to protect groundwater quality were implemented in 1991 and required some landfills to use plastic liners and collect and treat leachate. Landfill gas basics landfill gas lfg is produced by the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter within waste. Groundwater contamination an overview sciencedirect topics. The objective of the study therefore was to assess the effect of landfill pollution on groundwater quality in akure, nigeria. A watertable map of the landfill vicinity confirms the existence of. Landfill contamination naperville environmental litigation. To what extent this pollution has affected the water wells in the area is unknown and hence needed to be determined. Landfill manuals landfill site design published by the environmental protection agency, ireland. Definitions adjacent property refers to a property near a landfill that might be impacted by the landfills presence and operation e. Guidelines for environmental monitoring at municipal solid waste landfills section 3. Over the past few years, landfill water pollution index, leachate.
Groundwater contamination from nonsanitary landfill sites. Sites by county list minnesota department of health. Chandra a acentre for energy studies, indian institute of technology delhi, hauz khas, new delhi110016, india bmicro and trace analysis centre, department of chemistry, university of. Pdf groundwater contamination due to bhalaswa landfill. Modelling of groundwater contamination by landfill leachate. In order to predict how long landfill leachate will continue to contaminate groundwater after a landfill is closed, it is critical to understand how effective natural processes are in removing those contaminants over time.
Explain to the class that leachate contamination can be controlled through landfill design and operational requirements i. This has also been found by hassan and ramadan who assessed the impacts of the same sanitary landfill leachate on the groundwater and found that no organic contamination of piezometer wells around the active cells of landfill. Francis achampong, lecturergeotechnical engineer, earth science department, university of ghana. Investigating pfcs in groundwater near the washington co. The study investigated the effects of open landfill sites on the underground water quality by examining the physical and. The model is based on the sourcepathwayreceptors hazard chain. Landfill gas is typically comprised of approximately 50 60% ch4 and 4050% co2 with vocs and other component gases making up 03% a buildup of pressure within the landfill in excess of atmospheric pressure causes lfg to migrate. New landfills are required to have clay or synthetic liners and leachate liquid from a landfill containing contaminants collection systems to protect ground water. Modelling of groundwater contamination by landfill leachate s. Dispersion can be both longitudinal and transverse and the net result is a conic form downstream from a continuous contamination source. Carbon isotope analysis of groundwater was used to assess.
Guidance presented in these responses should be used to assist in the selection, design and management of landfill sites. Once in the landfill, chemicals can leach into the ground water by means of precipitation and surface runoff. Most older landfills, however, do not have these safeguards. Groundwater water in the earth that supplies wells and springs. Pdf mapping groundwater contamination around a landfill. Because dispersion is directly related to groundwater velocity, the size of a plume of contamination tends to increase with more rapid. The chemicals tunaed up in monitoring wells on the landfill property in both shallow and deeper groundwater. Chapter 5 provides ownersoperators with guidance for. Groundwater contamination from nonsanitary landfill sites a. Geological survey usgs scientists and their colleagues have developed a multifaceted approach for studying the natural attenuation of landfill leachate in the. Leachate characterization and assessment of groundwater.
This paper describes a new groundwater contamination hazard rating model for municipal solid waste dumps and landfills developed to prioritise remedial measures at uncontrolled sites. Guidance presented in these responses should be used to assist in the selection, design and management of landfill sites, and is based on the precautionary principle. Missouri identifies new groundwater contamination at and. Organic chem icals in household solvents, detergents, cleansers, as well. Newer landfills are required to meet federal and state requirements to prevent environmental contamination subtitle d landfills. Groundwater contamination by landfill leachates in a. Guidance for monitoring at landfills and other facilities. The overpopulation of birds in water bodies has been known to create dangerous bacteria formations and promote. But, groundwater can become contaminated with chemicals, biologic organisms, and other possiblyharmful agents. The results showed high degree of conformance with w. This indicates that there is no organic contamination from the leachate to the groundwater surrounding the site.
In any groundwater contamination investigation it is essential to obtain the background concentration of the chemical constituents of concern, particularly those that might be common both to the local groundwater and a contaminant. Groundwater contamination due to landfill leachatea case study jaseela chonattu, kavya prabhakar, harikumar puthenveedu sadasivan pillai water quality division, centre for water resources development and management, kozhikode, india. As a result, landfill ownersoperators with voc exceedances in groundwater monitoring wells may not be tracking the actual source of contamination. In this study, nine chemical compositions of groundwater quality were collected and analysed from 16 monitoring wells and two ponds around the diaoyushan msw landfill in the north of jiangsu province, china. Chapter 5, subpart e ground water monitoring and corrective action pdf 114 pp, 656 k, about pdf this 1993 manual is a companion to the municipal solid waste landfills criteria promulgated on october 9, 1991 as 40 cfr part 258. Groundwater standards generally are at the low ppb level and are not limited to the landfill boundary. Assessment of shallow groundwater contamination resulting.
The pb and cd levels exceeded world health organization standards for drinking water quality, posing health hazards to the communities who rely on. Pdf on nov 15, 2017, gourav suthar and others published groundwater contamination from landfill leachatesan analysis for india and indonesia find, read and cite all the research you need on. The leachate from poorly designed landfill sites contaminate groundwater. Geospatial and statistical assessment of groundwater. New landfills are required to have clay or synthetic liners and leachate liquid from a landfill containing contaminants collection sys tems to protect ground water. Assessment of soilgas and groundwater contamination at the. Pdf improper design of landfill sites may cause serious problems to groundwater. At landfill sites along major water bodies, these birds can infest those bodies of water at night causing secondary contamination from animal byproducts. Abstractsampling and analysis of leachate from bhalaswa landfill and groundwater samples from nearby locations, clearly indicated the likely contamination of groundwater due to landfill leachate. Such contamination of groundwater resource poses a substantial risk to local resource user and to the natural environment the impact of landfill leachate on the surface and groundwater has given rise to a number of studies in recent years saarela, 2003. Mapping groundwater contamination around a landfill facility using the vlfem method a case study. In kerala, groundwater or dug wells are the most reliable water sources. Many old landfills used a simple clay liner for containing leachate clay is one of the most nonpermeable soils.
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